Meningoencephalitis in a Patient Presenting with a Preliminary Diagnosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report

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Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) infections may present with acute focal neurological deficits and may be misdiagnosed as ischemic stroke. HSV-1 encephalitis is a recognized stroke mimic, whereas Haemophilus influenzae CNS infection is uncommon in adults. We report a case of HSV-1 encephalitis initially presenting as acute ischemic stroke, with concurrent detection of H. influenzae DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), highlighting the challenges of interpreting molecular diagnostic findings in CNS infections.